Lumaco — PuroChile

Where it stands out

Indicators with the most extreme rank among territories at its level.

Sought care when ill1st of 332 · Chile 92.1%100.0%

School attendance, ages 6-171st of 333 · Chile 98.6%100.0%

People within 15 km of any health facility1st of 345 · Chile 99.9%100.0%

People within 30 km of any health facility1st of 345 · Chile 100.0%100.0%

People within 30 km of a facility with an emergency service1st of 345 · Chile 99.7%100.0%

People within 15 km of a school in operation1st of 345 · Chile 99.9%100.0%

Where the people here are from

Casen 2024 · 165 surveyed

Lives in the commune where they were born

87.2%

2nd of 335

Came from another commune of the same region

6.5%

318th of 335

Came from another region

6.3%

322nd of 335

Net internal migration

-9,048

-91.4 per 100 residents

Formal employment, 2005–2024

2005–2024 · Source SII

The ten branches that employ most of Lumaco

Ranked by headcount in the latest year; the line is each branch's own twenty-year shape, on its own scale.

BranchWorkersShare of total2005–2024Change

01Agriculture and fishingNatural resources91839.8%+26%02Public administrationState and social services52822.9%—03TransportTrade and logistics2279.8%—04Administrative servicesAdvanced services1908.2%—05Retail and wholesaleTrade and logistics1687.3%+89%06ConstructionIndustry and construction984.2%—07EducationState and social services592.6%+490%08Accommodation and foodTrade and logistics572.5%—09ManufacturingIndustry and construction462.0%+283%10Other servicesOther services130.6%+86%

Dependent workers, projected

Prophet, fitted on the twenty observed years. A projection is not a figure of PuroChile.

observed 2005–2024central projection80% interval3.9% a year observed · 2.0% projected

Annual sales in UF, projected

UF is indexed to inflation, so this is a projection in real terms.

observed 2005–2024central projection80% interval4.5% a year observed · 2.6% projected

What Lumaco is specialised in

2024 · SII

Of the 672 activities the tax register files firms under, Lumaco employs more people in 23 of them than Chile does, proportionally. That comparison is Balassa's revealed comparative advantage: this place's share of an activity, over the country's share of it. Above one, the activity is over-represented here.

23

activities it is specialised in

2,309

formal workers

249/296

by the complexity of what it is specialised in

Most over-represented in Lumaco

Ranked by how many times the national share this place reaches. The division each activity belongs to is a page of its own.

Activity	Division	Workers here	Times the national share
Servicios de forestación a cambio de una retribución o por contrata	Servicios de apoyo a la silvicultura	623	274.6×
Extracción de madera	Extracción de madera	144	70.1×
Servicios de corta de madera a cambio de una retribución o por contrata	Servicios de apoyo a la silvicultura	70	67.2×
Servicios de transporte de escolares	Otras actividades de transporte por vía terrestre	19	32.0×
Silvicultura y otras actividades forestales (excepto explotación de viveros forestales)	Silvicultura y otras actividades forestales	11	24.6×
Venta al por mayor de madera en bruto y productos primarios de la elaboración de madera	Otras actividades de venta al por mayor especializada	29	14.2×
Fabricación de artículos confeccionados de materiales textiles, excepto prendas de vestir	Fabricación de otros productos textiles	10	13.0×
Actividades de servicios relacionadas con la impresión	Impresión y actividades de servicios relacionadas con la impresión	15	6.9×
Otros servicios de apoyo a la silvicultura n.c.p.	Servicios de apoyo a la silvicultura	63	6.6×
Construcción de proyectos de servicio público	Construcción de proyectos de servicio público	58	4.8×
Transporte de carga por carretera	Otras actividades de transporte por vía terrestre	206	3.8×
Actividades de la administración pública en general	Administración del estado y aplicación de la política económica y social de la comunidad	528	3.5×

The register files a firm at its tax address, so an activity can be over-represented here because the work happens here or because the head office does. Both are real facts about a place and they are not the same fact, and nothing in the register tells them apart: the communes where large firms keep their registered office carry activities that are physically elsewhere in Chile.

Revealed comparative advantage (Balassa, 1965) and the space of activities (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabási and Hausmann, 2007), computed on formal employment because that is what a Chilean commune has. Built from the 500-worker activities and the communes above 1,000 formal workers; the floors are on /datos with everything else.

The land and who works it

Agricultural census · INE · 2020/2021

65,252

hectares in holdings

91.3%

of them under a named use

9.3%

of the crop land is irrigated

790

holdings with land here

Pasturehover a tile for its count; click a group to open itFive families of land use, grouped by PuroChile from the fourteen categories the census publishes. The fifteenth tile is not a category: it is the censused surface less the fourteen.

The agricultural census measured 65,252 hectares of holdings in Lumaco in the 2020/2021 agricultural year, and this is how it divided them.

Fourteen of the fifteen tiles are categories the census publishes. The fifteenth is not: it is the censused surface less the other fourteen, and what it holds is scrub, barren ground, roads and buildings. Across Chile it is half of everything, because most of the censused surface is Patagonian scrub and northern desert inside very large holdings.

Irrigation is asked of eleven of the uses and not of forest, native woodland, natural pasture or untilled ground — so the 9.3% above is a share of the 1,451 hectares the question applies to, not of the whole.

Of the 790 holdings with land here, 122 are self-consumption plots — under two hectares and with nothing sold in the year. These counts are the census's own for this territory and they are not added to anything: a holding with land in two comunas is counted in both.

VIII Censo Nacional Agropecuario y Forestal 2021, INE

Population and territory

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Population pyramid

LumacoChile% of each territory's own population · 9,253 people counted herehover a cohort for its countsCenso de Población y Vivienda 2024, INE (cuadro D1)

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Census population	9,253	206,646	18,480,432	264th of 346
Average age	40.0 yrs	39.4 yrs	38.1 yrs	122nd of 346
Ageing index · People aged 65 or over per 100 under 15.	94.8	89.9	79.0	141st of 345
Population density · Inhabitants per square kilometre, over the area of the census cartography.	8.3/km²	15.4/km²	24.7/km²	273rd of 346

See the other 13 indicators

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Households	3,401	75,593	6,596,527	267th of 346
Dwellings	4,217	92,181	7,642,716	278th of 346
People per household	2.72	2.73	2.80	189th of 345
Women	49.3%	51.8%	51.5%	310th of 346
Men per 100 women	102.8	92.9	94.3	37th of 346
Under 15	18.0%	18.5%	17.7%	156th of 346
65 and over	17.1%	16.6%	14.0%	111th of 346
Dependency ratio · Population outside working age per 100 of working age.	54.2	54.0	46.5	75th of 346
One-person households	23.2%	21.8%	21.8%	144th of 345
Households with children	32.9%	34.1%	33.2%	180th of 345
Indigenous peoples	50.3%	26.1%	11.4%	30th of 346
Female-headed households	44.5%	50.9%	49.9%	274th of 345
Land area	1,108 km²	13,432 km²	748,041 km²	127th of 346

Migration

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When the migrant population arrived

Arrived since 2020Arrived before 2020% of the foreign-born population

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Foreign-born share	0.3%	1.0%	8.7%	345th of 346
Lives in the commune where they were born · Casen 2024 asks in which comuna each person's mother lived when they were born. It is lifetime migration, not last year's, and it measures origin, not moves: someone born here who left and came back counts as living where they were born.	87.2%	72.8%	50.5%	2nd of 335
Came from another commune of the same region · Of those who live here, the ones born in another comuna of this same region. It is the short move: within the metropolitan area, the valley or the neighbouring province.	6.5%	12.8%	23.9%	318th of 335
Came from another region · Of those who live here, the ones born in a comuna of another region.	6.3%	13.8%	17.2%	322nd of 335

See the other 9 indicators

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Foreign-born population	30	2,147	1,608,650	330th of 346
Average age, foreign-born	36.8 yrs	34.3 yrs	33.5 yrs	60th of 345
Women among foreign-born	50.0%	51.4%	51.7%	211th of 345
Foreign-born of working age	76.7%	82.1%	83.1%	300th of 345
Arrived since 2020 · Share of the migrant population that arrived in the country in 2020 or later.	46.7%	29.4%	34.4%	71st of 345
Foreign-born share of working-age population · Foreign-born people aged 15 to 64, over everyone aged 15 to 64 in the comuna.	0.4%	1.3%	10.6%	344th of 346
Average schooling, foreign-born	13.9 yrs	13.1 yrs	12.9 yrs	27th of 345
Net internal migration · People who arrived from another comuna minus people born here who live in another comuna. It is a lifetime balance, not a year's. Chile adds to zero by construction: nobody leaves the country in this count.	-9,048	-88,147	0	280th of 335
Net internal migration per 100 residents · The balance above, over the population living in the territory.	-91.4	-41.0	0.0	328th of 335

Education

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How far schooling went

HigherSecondaryPrimary onlyNever attendedOther or unclassified% of people aged 25 and over

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Average years of schooling	7.7 yrs	9.0 yrs	10.4 yrs	342nd of 346
Reached higher education	10.2%	18.7%	31.1%	341st of 346
School attendance, ages 6-17	100.0%	99.3%	98.6%	1st of 333
Continues to higher education · Of young secondary-school graduates, those enrolled in first-year undergraduate studies the following March. By the comuna of the school where they finished secondary school, which is the approximation to origin that Mineduc publishes.	41.1%	47.3%	55.6%	311th of 331

See the other 17 indicators

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Women's schooling as share of men's · 100 means parity; below 100, women in the territory completed fewer years than men. The census does not publish educational attainment split by sex at comuna level, so the higher-education gap is not in PuroChile: only the gap in years of schooling.	101.2%	102.5%	99.8%	189th of 346
Literacy rate	90.5%	94.8%	97.8%	342nd of 346
Reached secondary education	32.2%	37.2%	36.7%	311th of 346
Primary education only	45.7%	34.4%	24.1%	7th of 346
Never attended school	7.40%	4.35%	3.01%	5th of 346
Average years of schooling, men · The census publishes this average over the population aged 18 or over and crosses age with sex only in five-year bands, so it is weighted by the population aged 15 or over of each sex. Rebuilt from the 346 comunas it gives 12.1 years, the same figure INE published for the country.	8.6 yrs	10.3 yrs	12.1 yrs	342nd of 346
Average years of schooling, women · Same weight and same caveat as the figure for men.	8.7 yrs	10.5 yrs	12.1 yrs	341st of 346
Illiteracy · People aged 15 or over who say they cannot read or write.	9.49%	5.20%	2.18%	5th of 345
Households lacking schooling	50.9%	27.2%	15.1%	7th of 335
Secondary school leavers · Secondary education for children and young people, by the comuna of the school where they took it. Adults are counted apart.	56	2,825	217,565	283rd of 331
Leaves from technical-vocational school · Commercial, industrial, technical, agricultural and maritime tracks.	69.6%	46.8%	33.9%	33rd of 331
Leaves from a rural school · By the school's own rural classification. A zero here is a measured zero —the comuna had a graduating class and none of its graduates came from a rural school—, not a cell without data: two in three comunas are in that situation. There is no continuation rate split by rural and urban because the median comuna's rural divisor does not reach thirty graduates.	0.0%	2.8%	3.1%	114th of 331
Of those continuing, enters a university · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100.	60.9%	66.0%	67.2%	185th of 331
Of those continuing, enters a professional institute · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100.	21.7%	16.8%	19.7%	126th of 331
Of those continuing, enters a technical training centre · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100.	17.4%	17.3%	13.1%	145th of 331
Of those continuing, studies outside their region · Compares the region of the school they graduated from with the region of the campus where they enrol. A campus is not necessarily where the student lives.	26.1%	34.6%	13.0%	102nd of 331
Of those continuing, women · The graduates module does not publish sex, so there is no continuation rate by sex: only the make-up of those who do continue.	52.2%	55.1%	49.7%	135th of 331

The class of 2024

Mineduc (SIES), by the comuna they went to school in

Approximation: the comuna is the one this cohort was enrolled in for secondary school, which is what Mineduc publishes — not a home address, which it does not.

56left secondary school in 2024

23enrolled in a first-year programme in 2025

41.1%continued immediately

61%of those, to a university

26%of those, outside their region

By field of study

LumacoChile

The ten broad fields of ISCED-F 2013, as SIES classifies each programme, as a share of everyone who continued, here and in the country. The list of individual programmes is withheld here: fewer than 30 of this territory's leavers continued, and a ranking built on that few names people.

Nineteen cohorts, 2006–2024

left secondary schoolenrolled the following year

Only enrolment the following March counts — someone who works for a year and starts after that is not here, so the rate is a floor under how many ever study, not an estimate of it. Adult secondary education is counted separately and is not in these figures. What the approximation above does not settle is catchment: this is the cohort Lumaco's schools taught, and where schools draw pupils from next door that is not the same set of children as the ones the territory raised.

Health

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The hospital figures come from DEIS's discharge register: one row per completed stay, in any establishment in the country, counted in the commune where the patient lives rather than where the hospital is. It counts stays, not people — someone admitted three times is three of them.

The deaths it records are the ones that happened during a stay. Deaths at home or in the street are in the vital statistics register, which is a different DEIS release and is not in PuroChile — so nothing here is this place's mortality, and every label says «hospitalaria» for that reason.

The two standardised ratios are the ones meant for comparing places: they hold Lumaco against what its own age and sex structure would produce at the country's rates, with Chile fixed at 100. A commune of older people buries more people than a commune of young families, and that is demography, not health.

In 2024, 7.5% of the country's discharges arrive with every identifying field replaced by an asterisk and cannot be attached to any commune; what is counted here is the 91.4% that carries one.

Which health system

FonasaIsapre% of the population counted

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Disability prevalence	15.2%	14.0%	10.6%	39th of 346
Public health insurance	99.3%	94.7%	82.6%	4th of 335
Hospital discharges per 1,000 residents · Not age-adjusted. It mixes how much illness there is with how much hospital there is nearby.	83.0	99.9	82.5	82nd of 331
In-hospital mortality, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex.	110	131	100	90th of 331

See the other 21 indicators

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
People with a disability	1,411	28,978	1,950,388	244th of 346
Average age, people with a disability	60.3 yrs	58.8 yrs	56.4 yrs	85th of 346
Disability among 65+	48.3%	46.7%	43.0%	109th of 346
Difficulty walking	7.65%	6.72%	4.92%	41st of 346
Difficulty seeing	7.23%	6.86%	4.58%	41st of 346
Difficulty hearing	4.09%	3.23%	2.16%	12th of 346
Difficulty concentrating	3.80%	3.18%	2.70%	24th of 346
Private health insurance	0.7%	2.4%	13.2%	296th of 335
No health coverage	0.00%	0.09%	1.98%	279th of 335
Sought care when ill · Of those who had an illness or accident in the last three months.	100.0%	90.9%	92.1%	1st of 332
Households lacking health access	1.4%	3.6%	6.0%	296th of 335
Hospital discharges · Episodes, not people: someone hospitalised three times counts three times.	768	20,653	1,523,716	228th of 331
Deaths during a hospital stay · Only those that happen in hospital; the rest do not go through this register.	25	629	36,698	219th of 331
In-hospital case fatality · Of every 100 hospital stays, how many end in death.	3.26%	3.05%	2.41%	118th of 331
Average length of stay · Bed-days over discharges, averaged after adding up.	6.7 days	6.6 days	6.1 days	145th of 331
In-hospital deaths per 10,000 residents · Not age-adjusted, and therefore high where the population is older.	27.0	30.4	19.9	61st of 331
Hospitalisation, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex.	96	117	100	102nd of 331
Cancer hospitalisations · Discharges with a malignant tumour (C00-C97) as the main diagnosis. Episodes, not people.	46	1,049	89,723	224th of 330
Share of hospitalisations that are for cancer · Of every 100 discharges in the comuna, how many are for a malignant tumour.	6.0%	5.1%	5.9%	133rd of 330
Cancer hospitalisations per 10,000 residents · Not age-adjusted: above all it compares how old the comuna is.	49.7	50.8	48.6	80th of 330
Cancer hospitalisation, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex. It is the only one of the four made for comparing places.	91	96	100	103rd of 330

What people are hospitalised for

hover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itSeven families of cause, grouped by PuroChile from the 22 ICD-10 chapters. The chapter is still the tile; the family is nothing but the sum of its chapters.

By tumour site

Órganos digestivosSitios reservadosBoca y faringehover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile

Economy and poverty

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Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Income poverty · People in households whose income does not cover the poverty line.	39.8%	31.7%	17.3%	11th of 335
Average monthly pay · Reported net pay in UF divided by workers weighted by months worked.	21.1 UF	23.0 UF	32.0 UF	235th of 342
Women's pay as share of men's · 100 means parity; below 100, women earn less per full-time-equivalent job.	120.5%	110.5%	78.9%	22nd of 342
Firms per 1,000 residents · Firms with their registered address or head office in the territory; in comunas where large firms are registered the figure reflects the head office, not the activity.	65.5	74.4	85.6	257th of 346

See the other 16 indicators

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Employment rate · Employed people over the population aged 15 or over.	33.3%	43.9%	54.4%	343rd of 345
Census unemployment · Measured by the Census, not by Casen: the two ask differently.	8.9%	11.2%	8.6%	153rd of 345
Self-employed	29.8%	32.1%	33.8%	289th of 345
Extreme poverty	21.1%	15.5%	6.9%	12th of 335
Multidimensional poverty · Households with deprivations in education, health, work, housing or networks.	34.0%	14.1%	17.7%	17th of 335
Unemployment rate	2.2%	12.2%	8.8%	316th of 335
Household income per capita · Chilean pesos per month, corrected total income.	CLP 389,564	CLP 456,768	CLP 783,124	320th of 335
Gini coefficient · 0 is a perfectly equal split and 1 a perfectly unequal one. On household per-capita income (ypchtotcor). A survey estimate: in comunas with a small sample the interval is wide.	0.539	0.480	0.488	10th of 321
Registered firms	606	15,382	1,582,390	278th of 346
Annual sales	1,861,667 UF	40,427,136 UF	34,347,683,688 UF	267th of 342
Employees reported · People reported at some point in the tax year, not average employment: the national total exceeds the employed because someone who worked two months counts the same as someone who worked twelve.	2,309	50,267	9,699,164	251st of 346
Sales per firm	3,072 UF	2,628 UF	21,706 UF	200th of 342
Employees per firm · Workers weighted by months worked, so two half-year jobs are not counted as two positions.	2.6	2.1	3.9	113th of 346
Women among employees	28.5%	44.4%	40.6%	323rd of 345
Independent contractors	564	16,062	3,958,269	295th of 346
Contractors as share of workers	19.6%	24.2%	29.0%	288th of 346

Employment by industry

hover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itSix activity families, grouped by PuroChile from CAENES.

Employment by occupation

Elementary occupationshover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itCIUO-08 (ISCO) skill levels.

Housing and services

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House or flat

House% of private dwellings

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Overcrowded dwellings	7.2%	5.8%	5.7%	42nd of 345
Internet access	74.9%	84.3%	93.2%	337th of 345
Average distance to a facility with an emergency service · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line.	9.8	4.0	2.3	33rd of 345
Average distance to a school teaching upper secondary · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in 2025. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line.	9.7	4.0	1.6	34th of 345

See the other 35 indicators

Indicator	Value	Province	Chile	Rank
Occupied dwellings with residents	3,387	74,835	6,408,172	265th of 346
Critically overcrowded	0.44%	0.29%	0.57%	78th of 345
Irrecoverable dwellings	1.24%	1.30%	1.13%	150th of 345
Public water network	51.3%	78.7%	92.3%	325th of 345
Electricity access	93.9%	98.3%	99.6%	338th of 345
Detached houses	99.3%	98.2%	78.7%	71st of 345
Apartments	0.0%	0.8%	19.9%	281st of 345
Precarious wall materials	0.20%	0.29%	0.23%	205th of 345
Unoccupied private dwellings	15.4%	12.9%	11.9%	166th of 345
Quantitative housing deficit	134	3,658	491,904	291st of 345
Housing deficit as share of households	3.9%	4.8%	7.5%	286th of 345
Renting households	10.5%	14.2%	26.2%	284th of 345
Owner-occupiers	74.7%	72.0%	61.1%	46th of 345
Households heating with wood · Firewood is the main source of urban air pollution in the south.	94.3%	88.0%	24.4%	18th of 345
Commute by public transport	15.7%	22.7%	42.1%	295th of 345
Walks to work	27.2%	21.3%	10.2%	48th of 345
Households with a computer	24.2%	37.5%	54.9%	338th of 345
Average distance to any health facility · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line.	2.6	1.7	1.1	72nd of 345
People within 5 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	85.5%	90.7%	97.0%	262nd of 345
People within 15 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	100.0%	99.9%	99.9%	1st of 345
People within 30 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	1st of 345
People within 5 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	25.9%	74.3%	89.4%	322nd of 345
People within 15 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	77.9%	93.3%	98.1%	309th of 345
People within 30 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	100.0%	99.7%	99.7%	1st of 345
Average distance to a second- or third-level facility · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line.	27.0	18.5	5.9	101st of 345
People within 5 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	0.0%	43.2%	80.3%	194th of 345
People within 15 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	2.7%	50.9%	90.0%	234th of 345
People within 30 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026.	81.8%	78.0%	96.2%	243rd of 345
Average distance to a school in operation · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in 2025. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line.	1.7	1.2	0.6	64th of 345
People within 5 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025.	96.3%	95.2%	99.0%	237th of 345
People within 15 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025.	100.0%	99.9%	99.9%	1st of 345
People within 30 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025.	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	1st of 345
People within 5 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025.	23.0%	73.4%	91.6%	330th of 345
People within 15 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025.	77.9%	93.0%	98.5%	310th of 345
People within 30 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025.	100.0%	98.9%	99.8%	1st of 345

How people commute

Public transporthover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour modes, grouped by PuroChile.

Housing tenure

Otherhover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour tenure types, grouped by PuroChile.

Home heating fuel

ElectricityNo heatingOther sourcehover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour fuel types, grouped by PuroChile.

How it voted in 2025

TRICEL · qualified result

85.7%

of the registered voted in the first round

85.3%

voted in the runoff

8,743

registered voters on the roll

4.6%

of runoff ballots were null or blank

Presidential runoff · 14 December

Jeannette Jara Roman25.5%41.7%

Jose Antonio Kast Rist74.5%58.3%

LumacoChileshare of the valid vote

Presidential, first round · 16 November

Franco Parisi Fernandez20.7%19.8%

Jeannette Jara Roman16.6%26.7%

Marco Antonio Enriquez-Ominami Gumucio1.1%1.2%

Johannes Kaiser Barents-Von Hohenhagen9.9%13.9%

Jose Antonio Kast Rist46.2%24.0%

Eduardo Antonio Artes Brichetti0.4%0.7%

Evelyn Matthei Fornet4.7%12.4%

Harold Mayne-Nicholls Secul0.3%1.3%

LumacoChileshare of the valid vote

Chamber of Deputies · 16 November

CUnidad por Chile19.0%30.6%

KCambio por Chile21.5%23.0%

JChile Grande y Unido40.5%21.1%

IPartido de la Gente7.4%12.0%

BVerdes, Regionalistas y Humanistas3.5%6.9%

DIzquierda Ecologista Popular Animalista y Humanista—2.6%

APartido Ecologista Verde4.0%0.8%

EMovimiento Amarillos por Chile4.2%0.8%

GPartido Alianza Verde Popular—0.6%

FPartido de Trabajadores Revolucionarios—0.6%

HPopular—0.2%

Independents outside a pact—0.7%

LumacoChileshare of the valid vote

Senate · 16 November

CUnidad por Chile14.9%

KCambio por Chile22.6%

JChile Grande y Unido45.6%

IPartido de la Gente6.7%

APartido Ecologista Verde5.2%

Independents outside a pact5.0%

Lumacoshare of the valid vote

Congress is compared by list, not by candidate: the candidates change at every district line, and the list — the pact — is the same across the country.

District 22

The deputies elected for the district Lumaco votes in:

Eduardo Cretton Rebolledo Union Democrata Independiente · list J · 29,959 votes
Juan Carlos Beltran Silva Renovacion Nacional · list J · 25,862 votes
Gloria Naveillan Arriagada Partido Nacional Libertario · list K · 16,445 votes
Andrea Parra Sauterel Partido Por la Democracia · list C · 14,473 votes

Circunscripción 11

Rodolfo Carter Fernandez Independiente Republicano de Chile · list K · 95,019 votes
Vanessa Kaiser Barents-Von Hohenhagen Partido Nacional Libertario · list K · 58,326 votes
Francisco Huenchumilla Jaramillo Partido Democrata Cristiano · list C · 56,297 votes
Miguel Becker Alvear Renovacion Nacional · list J · 48,641 votes
Ricardo Celis Araya Independiente Por la Democracia · list C · 40,230 votes

Sister communes

How this is computed

The four communes that most resemble Lumaco across the 28 figures PuroChile publishes for the 345 communes with complete data, grouped into seven dimensions of equal weight. This is not proximity: nothing in the computation knows where any commune is.

Ercilla0.71Araucanía · 7,730 peopleAlike in Scale; apart in Economy.Los Sauces0.83Araucanía · 7,348 peopleAlike in Scale; apart in Migration.Teodoro Schmidt0.87Araucanía · 15,639 peopleAlike in Health; apart in Economy.Chanco0.88Maule · 9,446 peopleAlike in Scale; apart in Population structure.

ScalePopulation structureMigrationEducationHealthEconomyHousing and services

The figure beside each name is the distance between the two communes: 0 would be identical, and 1.48 is what separates any two communes in the country. Each bar is one of the seven dimensions, and reaches the end when the two differ on it by twice what two communes picked at random do. Location is not part of the computation: 52% of these pairings cross into another region.

Inside the commune

Census districts

Loading

Where it stands out

Average monthly pay

Where the people here are from

Formal employment, 2005–2024

The ten branches that employ most of Lumaco

Dependent workers, projected

Annual sales in UF, projected

What Lumaco is specialised in

Most over-represented in Lumaco

The land and who works it

Population and territory

Population pyramid

Migration

When the migrant population arrived

Education

How far schooling went

The class of 2024

By field of study

Nineteen cohorts, 2006–2024

Health

Which health system

What people are hospitalised for

By tumour site

Economy and poverty

Employment by industry

Employment by occupation

Housing and services

House or flat

How people commute

Housing tenure

Home heating fuel

How it voted in 2025

Presidential runoff · 14 December

Presidential, first round · 16 November

Chamber of Deputies · 16 November

Senate · 16 November

Sister communes

Inside the commune