Commune · 03102
Caldera
Compare Caldera with another placeCensus population
18,805
183rd of 346
Population density
5.1/km²
292nd of 346
Average years of schooling
10.0 yrs
83rd of 346
Foreign-born share
5.9%
86th of 346
Where it stands out
Indicators with the most extreme rank among territories at its level.School attendance, ages 6-171st of 333 · Chile 98.6%100.0%
Unoccupied private dwellings15th of 345 · Chile 11.9%59.3%
Sought care when ill318th of 332 · Chile 92.1%78.3%
Precarious wall materials16th of 345 · Chile 0.23%0.90%
People within 30 km of any health facility327th of 345 · Chile 100.0%98.1%
Contractors as share of workers20th of 346 · Chile 29.0%48.1%
Loading
Population density by commune
Trend 2005–2024
Average monthly pay
In UF, Chile's inflation-indexed unit, so the twenty years are comparable without deflating. Grey is the country.
Where the people here are from
Casen 2024 · 519 surveyedLives in the commune where they were born
43.6%
271st of 335
Came from another commune of the same region
26.5%
86th of 335
Came from another region
26.0%
38th of 335
Net internal migration
+8,372
+41.9 per 100 residents
Formal employment, 2005–2024
2005–2024 · Source SIIThe ten branches that employ most of Caldera
Ranked by headcount in the latest year; the line is each branch's own twenty-year shape, on its own scale.
BranchWorkersShare of total2005–2024Change
01Retail and wholesaleTrade and logistics481−18%02Public administrationState and social services444—03ManufacturingIndustry and construction421−20%04ConstructionIndustry and construction415+50%05Accommodation and foodTrade and logistics407+141%06Professional servicesAdvanced services302+2,057%07EducationState and social services227+167%08Agriculture and fishingNatural resources179−58%09Administrative servicesAdvanced services110+144%10Other servicesOther services105−77%Dependent workers, projected
Prophet, fitted on the twenty observed years. A projection is not a figure of PuroChile.
Annual sales in UF, projected
UF is indexed to inflation, so this is a projection in real terms.
What Caldera is specialised in
2024 · SIIOf the 672 activities the tax register files firms under, Caldera employs more people in 76 of them than Chile does, proportionally. That comparison is Balassa's revealed comparative advantage: this place's share of an activity, over the country's share of it. Above one, the activity is over-represented here.
76
activities it is specialised in
3,352
formal workers
76/296
by the complexity of what it is specialised in
Most over-represented in Caldera
Ranked by how many times the national share this place reaches. The division each activity belongs to is a page of its own.
| Activity | Division | Workers here | Times the national share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Producción de harina de pescado | Elaboración y conservación de pescado, crustáceos y moluscos | 170 | 95.9× |
| Otras actividades de alojamiento para turistas n.c.p. | Actividades de alojamiento para estancias cortas | 21 | 53.6× |
| Reparación de buques, embarcaciones menores y estructuras flotantes | Reparación de productos elaborados de metal, maquinaria y equipo | 51 | 53.3× |
| Fabricación de fibras de vidrio | Fabricación de vidrio y productos de vidrio | 8 | 45.7× |
| Elaboración y conservación de crustáceos, moluscos y otros productos acuáticos, en plantas en tierra | Elaboración y conservación de pescado, crustáceos y moluscos | 23 | 33.6× |
| Pesca marítima artesanal | Pesca | 24 | 31.6× |
| Cultivo, reproducción y manejo de algas marinas | Acuicultura | 26 | 29.2× |
| Servicios prestados de forma independiente por otros profesionales de la salud | Otras actividades de atención de la salud humana | 37 | 28.1× |
| Venta al por menor de juegos y juguetes en comercios especializados | Venta al por menor de productos culturales y recreativos en comercios especializados | 25 | 24.8× |
| Venta al por menor de carteras, maletas y otros accesorios de viaje en comercios especializados | Venta al por menor de otros productos en comercios especializados | 6 | 18.3× |
| Actividades de operadores turísticos | Actividades de agencias de viajes y operadores turísticos | 4 | 17.2× |
| Cultivo de plantas con las que se preparan bebidas (incluye el cultivo de café, té y mate) | Cultivo de plantas perennes | 4 | 14.6× |
The register files a firm at its tax address, so an activity can be over-represented here because the work happens here or because the head office does. Both are real facts about a place and they are not the same fact, and nothing in the register tells them apart: the communes where large firms keep their registered office carry activities that are physically elsewhere in Chile.
Revealed comparative advantage (Balassa, 1965) and the space of activities (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabási and Hausmann, 2007), computed on formal employment because that is what a Chilean commune has. Built from the 500-worker activities and the communes above 1,000 formal workers; the floors are on /datos with everything else.
Population and territory
See all →Population pyramid
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Census population | 18,805 | 199,482 | 18,480,432 | 183rd of 346 | |
Average age | 37.7 yrs | 36.0 yrs | 38.1 yrs | 265th of 346 | |
Ageing index · People aged 65 or over per 100 under 15. | 74.8 | 57.4 | 79.0 | 248th of 345 | |
Population density · Inhabitants per square kilometre, over the area of the census cartography. | 5.1/km² | 6.1/km² | 24.7/km² | 292nd of 346 |
See the other 13 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Households | 6,922 | 67,763 | 6,596,527 | 181st of 346 | |
Dwellings | 18,105 | 87,151 | 7,642,716 | 111th of 346 | |
People per household | 2.72 | 2.94 | 2.80 | 193rd of 345 | |
Women | 50.0% | 50.4% | 51.5% | 277th of 346 | |
Men per 100 women | 99.9 | 98.5 | 94.3 | 70th of 346 | |
Under 15 | 19.3% | 19.9% | 17.7% | 71st of 346 | |
65 and over | 14.4% | 11.4% | 14.0% | 237th of 346 | |
Dependency ratio · Population outside working age per 100 of working age. | 50.7 | 45.5 | 46.5 | 179th of 346 | |
One-person households | 25.0% | 20.5% | 21.8% | 86th of 345 | |
Households with children | 34.1% | 38.0% | 33.2% | 132nd of 345 | |
Indigenous peoples | 28.7% | 24.7% | 11.4% | 71st of 346 | |
Female-headed households | 52.7% | 48.5% | 49.9% | 32nd of 345 | |
Land area | 3,681 km² | 32,729 km² | 748,041 km² | 48th of 346 |
Migration
See all →When the migrant population arrived
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foreign-born share | 5.9% | 10.5% | 8.7% | 86th of 346 | |
Lives in the commune where they were born · Casen 2024 asks in which comuna each person's mother lived when they were born. It is lifetime migration, not last year's, and it measures origin, not moves: someone born here who left and came back counts as living where they were born. | 43.6% | 59.2% | 50.5% | 271st of 335 | |
Came from another commune of the same region · Of those who live here, the ones born in another comuna of this same region. It is the short move: within the metropolitan area, the valley or the neighbouring province. | 26.5% | 10.7% | 23.9% | 86th of 335 | |
Came from another region · Of those who live here, the ones born in a comuna of another region. | 26.0% | 21.9% | 17.2% | 38th of 335 |
See the other 9 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foreign-born population | 1,114 | 21,003 | 1,608,650 | 117th of 346 | |
Average age, foreign-born | 32.3 yrs | 31.0 yrs | 33.5 yrs | 233rd of 345 | |
Women among foreign-born | 53.1% | 52.3% | 51.7% | 90th of 345 | |
Foreign-born of working age | 82.9% | 81.7% | 83.1% | 98th of 345 | |
Arrived since 2020 · Share of the migrant population that arrived in the country in 2020 or later. | 42.4% | 40.7% | 34.4% | 119th of 345 | |
Foreign-born share of working-age population · Foreign-born people aged 15 to 64, over everyone aged 15 to 64 in the comuna. | 7.4% | 12.5% | 10.6% | 81st of 346 | |
Average schooling, foreign-born | 12.2 yrs | 11.8 yrs | 12.9 yrs | 191st of 345 | |
Net internal migration · People who arrived from another comuna minus people born here who live in another comuna. It is a lifetime balance, not a year's. Chile adds to zero by construction: nobody leaves the country in this count. | 8,372 | 10,327 | 0 | 53rd of 335 | |
Net internal migration per 100 residents · The balance above, over the population living in the territory. | 41.9 | 4.9 | 0.0 | 21st of 335 |
Education
See all →How far schooling went
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average years of schooling | 10.0 yrs | 10.1 yrs | 10.4 yrs | 83rd of 346 | |
Reached higher education | 25.3% | 27.8% | 31.1% | 105th of 346 | |
School attendance, ages 6-17 | 100.0% | 97.4% | 98.6% | 1st of 333 | |
Continues to higher education · Of young secondary-school graduates, those enrolled in first-year undergraduate studies the following March. By the comuna of the school where they finished secondary school, which is the approximation to origin that Mineduc publishes. | 62.9% | 66.2% | 55.6% | 50th of 331 |
See the other 17 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women's schooling as share of men's · 100 means parity; below 100, women in the territory completed fewer years than men. The census does not publish educational attainment split by sex at comuna level, so the higher-education gap is not in PuroChile: only the gap in years of schooling. | 101.7% | 100.3% | 99.8% | 178th of 346 | |
Literacy rate | 98.3% | 98.6% | 97.8% | 59th of 346 | |
Reached secondary education | 41.4% | 39.8% | 36.7% | 40th of 346 | |
Primary education only | 25.3% | 24.1% | 24.1% | 266th of 346 | |
Never attended school | 2.50% | 3.08% | 3.01% | 308th of 346 | |
Average years of schooling, men · The census publishes this average over the population aged 18 or over and crosses age with sex only in five-year bands, so it is weighted by the population aged 15 or over of each sex. Rebuilt from the 346 comunas it gives 12.1 years, the same figure INE published for the country. | 11.6 yrs | 12.0 yrs | 12.1 yrs | 89th of 346 | |
Average years of schooling, women · Same weight and same caveat as the figure for men. | 11.8 yrs | 12.1 yrs | 12.1 yrs | 84th of 346 | |
Illiteracy · People aged 15 or over who say they cannot read or write. | 1.73% | 1.45% | 2.18% | 284th of 345 | |
Households lacking schooling | 12.7% | 16.1% | 15.1% | 283rd of 335 | |
Secondary school leavers · Secondary education for children and young people, by the comuna of the school where they took it. Adults are counted apart. | 213 | 2,719 | 217,565 | 169th of 331 | |
Leaves from technical-vocational school · Commercial, industrial, technical, agricultural and maritime tracks. | 48.4% | 53.7% | 33.9% | 98th of 331 | |
Leaves from a rural school · By the school's own rural classification. A zero here is a measured zero —the comuna had a graduating class and none of its graduates came from a rural school—, not a cell without data: two in three comunas are in that situation. There is no continuation rate split by rural and urban because the median comuna's rural divisor does not reach thirty graduates. | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3.1% | 114th of 331 | |
Of those continuing, enters a university · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100. | 64.9% | 65.0% | 67.2% | 141st of 331 | |
Of those continuing, enters a professional institute · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100. | 12.7% | 15.0% | 19.7% | 248th of 331 | |
Of those continuing, enters a technical training centre · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100. | 22.4% | 20.0% | 13.1% | 98th of 331 | |
Of those continuing, studies outside their region · Compares the region of the school they graduated from with the region of the campus where they enrol. A campus is not necessarily where the student lives. | 28.4% | 20.5% | 13.0% | 96th of 331 | |
Of those continuing, women · The graduates module does not publish sex, so there is no continuation rate by sex: only the make-up of those who do continue. | 48.5% | 49.6% | 49.7% | 233rd of 331 |
The class of 2024
Mineduc (SIES), by the comuna they went to school inApproximation: the comuna is the one this cohort was enrolled in for secondary school, which is what Mineduc publishes — not a home address, which it does not.
213left secondary school in 2024
134enrolled in a first-year programme in 2025
62.9%continued immediately
65%of those, to a university
28%of those, outside their region
The ten programmes they enrolled in most
Each bar is that programme's share of everyone who continued, here and in the country — not a headcount, so a commune of a few hundred can be read beside a country of 121,050. Programme names as the register writes them: in capitals and without accents, and unmerged, since SIES publishes 1,481 distinct names in a single year and two spellings of one degree stay two rows. Only the capitals are undone here.
By field of study
The ten broad fields of ISCED-F 2013, as SIES classifies each programme, as a share of everyone who continued, here and in the country.
Nineteen cohorts, 2006–2024
left secondary schoolenrolled the following year
Only enrolment the following March counts — someone who works for a year and starts after that is not here, so the rate is a floor under how many ever study, not an estimate of it. Adult secondary education is counted separately and is not in these figures. What the approximation above does not settle is catchment: this is the cohort Caldera's schools taught, and where schools draw pupils from next door that is not the same set of children as the ones the territory raised.
Health
See all →The hospital figures come from DEIS's discharge register: one row per completed stay, in any establishment in the country, counted in the commune where the patient lives rather than where the hospital is. It counts stays, not people — someone admitted three times is three of them.
The deaths it records are the ones that happened during a stay. Deaths at home or in the street are in the vital statistics register, which is a different DEIS release and is not in PuroChile — so nothing here is this place's mortality, and every label says «hospitalaria» for that reason.
The two standardised ratios are the ones meant for comparing places: they hold Caldera against what its own age and sex structure would produce at the country's rates, with Chile fixed at 100. A commune of older people buries more people than a commune of young families, and that is demography, not health.
In 2024, 7.5% of the country's discharges arrive with every identifying field replaced by an asterisk and cannot be attached to any commune; what is counted here is the 91.4% that carries one.
Which health system
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disability prevalence | 13.0% | 9.2% | 10.6% | 124th of 346 | |
Public health insurance | 90.2% | 86.4% | 82.6% | 209th of 335 | |
Hospital discharges per 1,000 residents · Not age-adjusted. It mixes how much illness there is with how much hospital there is nearby. | 37.1 | 73.2 | 82.5 | 296th of 331 | |
In-hospital mortality, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex. | 55 | 109 | 100 | 282nd of 331 |
See the other 21 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
People with a disability | 2,446 | 18,365 | 1,950,388 | 174th of 346 | |
Average age, people with a disability | 53.2 yrs | 53.1 yrs | 56.4 yrs | 313th of 346 | |
Disability among 65+ | 36.5% | 38.0% | 43.0% | 318th of 346 | |
Difficulty walking | 5.14% | 3.85% | 4.92% | 228th of 346 | |
Difficulty seeing | 6.73% | 4.36% | 4.58% | 70th of 346 | |
Difficulty hearing | 2.39% | 1.77% | 2.16% | 205th of 346 | |
Difficulty concentrating | 2.88% | 2.08% | 2.70% | 162nd of 346 | |
Private health insurance | 5.7% | 9.3% | 13.2% | 106th of 335 | |
No health coverage | 2.15% | 2.47% | 1.98% | 121st of 335 | |
Sought care when ill · Of those who had an illness or accident in the last three months. | 78.3% | 85.8% | 92.1% | 318th of 332 | |
Households lacking health access | 5.7% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 151st of 335 | |
Hospital discharges · Episodes, not people: someone hospitalised three times counts three times. | 698 | 14,602 | 1,523,716 | 239th of 331 | |
Deaths during a hospital stay · Only those that happen in hospital; the rest do not go through this register. | 20 | 363 | 36,698 | 236th of 331 | |
In-hospital case fatality · Of every 100 hospital stays, how many end in death. | 2.87% | 2.49% | 2.41% | 161st of 331 | |
Average length of stay · Bed-days over discharges, averaged after adding up. | 7.0 days | 6.4 days | 6.1 days | 120th of 331 | |
In-hospital deaths per 10,000 residents · Not age-adjusted, and therefore high where the population is older. | 10.6 | 18.2 | 19.9 | 295th of 331 | |
Hospitalisation, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex. | 45 | 93 | 100 | 295th of 331 | |
Cancer hospitalisations · Discharges with a malignant tumour (C00-C97) as the main diagnosis. Episodes, not people. | 33 | 831 | 89,723 | 258th of 330 | |
Share of hospitalisations that are for cancer · Of every 100 discharges in the comuna, how many are for a malignant tumour. | 4.7% | 5.7% | 5.9% | 249th of 330 | |
Cancer hospitalisations per 10,000 residents · Not age-adjusted: above all it compares how old the comuna is. | 17.5 | 41.7 | 48.6 | 301st of 330 | |
Cancer hospitalisation, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex. It is the only one of the four made for comparing places. | 36 | 94 | 100 | 297th of 330 |
What people are hospitalised for
hover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itSeven families of cause, grouped by PuroChile from the 22 ICD-10 chapters. The chapter is still the tile; the family is nothing but the sum of its chapters.
Economy and poverty
See all →| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Income poverty · People in households whose income does not cover the poverty line. | 22.9% | 18.5% | 17.3% | 129th of 335 | |
Average monthly pay · Reported net pay in UF divided by workers weighted by months worked. | 26.0 UF | 32.8 UF | 32.0 UF | 90th of 342 | |
Women's pay as share of men's · 100 means parity; below 100, women earn less per full-time-equivalent job. | 96.0% | 79.2% | 78.9% | 195th of 342 | |
Firms per 1,000 residents · Firms with their registered address or head office in the territory; in comunas where large firms are registered the figure reflects the head office, not the activity. | 83.5 | 69.9 | 85.6 | 141st of 346 |
See the other 16 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Employment rate · Employed people over the population aged 15 or over. | 54.5% | 54.5% | 54.4% | 101st of 345 | |
Census unemployment · Measured by the Census, not by Casen: the two ask differently. | 8.0% | 9.0% | 8.6% | 201st of 345 | |
Self-employed | 44.7% | 37.1% | 33.8% | 37th of 345 | |
Extreme poverty | 9.4% | 7.2% | 6.9% | 125th of 335 | |
Multidimensional poverty · Households with deprivations in education, health, work, housing or networks. | 21.3% | 19.8% | 17.7% | 111th of 335 | |
Unemployment rate | 8.5% | 8.6% | 8.8% | 191st of 335 | |
Household income per capita · Chilean pesos per month, corrected total income. | CLP 650,003 | CLP 677,498 | CLP 783,124 | 78th of 335 | |
Gini coefficient · 0 is a perfectly equal split and 1 a perfectly unequal one. On household per-capita income (ypchtotcor). A survey estimate: in comunas with a small sample the interval is wide. | 0.456 | 0.429 | 0.488 | 107th of 321 | |
Registered firms | 1,570 | 13,951 | 1,582,390 | 176th of 346 | |
Annual sales | 7,933,060 UF | 153,558,734 UF | 34,347,683,688 UF | 155th of 342 | |
Employees reported · People reported at some point in the tax year, not average employment: the national total exceeds the employed because someone who worked two months counts the same as someone who worked twelve. | 3,352 | 68,723 | 9,699,164 | 224th of 346 | |
Sales per firm | 5,053 UF | 11,007 UF | 21,706 UF | 121st of 342 | |
Employees per firm · Workers weighted by months worked, so two half-year jobs are not counted as two positions. | 1.4 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 286th of 346 | |
Women among employees | 36.3% | 33.5% | 40.6% | 249th of 345 | |
Independent contractors | 3,107 | 21,756 | 3,958,269 | 120th of 346 | |
Contractors as share of workers | 48.1% | 24.0% | 29.0% | 20th of 346 |
Employment by industry
hover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itSix activity families, grouped by PuroChile from CAENES.
Employment by occupation
Elementary occupationsArmed forceshover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itCIUO-08 (ISCO) skill levels.
Housing and services
See all →House or flat
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overcrowded dwellings | 4.8% | 5.9% | 5.7% | 239th of 345 | |
Internet access | 93.2% | 94.7% | 93.2% | 93rd of 345 | |
Average distance to a facility with an emergency service · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 234th of 345 | |
Average distance to a school teaching upper secondary · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in 2025. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 239th of 345 |
See the other 35 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Occupied dwellings with residents | 6,775 | 65,462 | 6,408,172 | 181st of 346 | |
Critically overcrowded | 0.34% | 0.49% | 0.57% | 159th of 345 | |
Irrecoverable dwellings | 2.66% | 2.21% | 1.13% | 54th of 345 | |
Public water network | 79.6% | 87.9% | 92.3% | 206th of 345 | |
Electricity access | 99.2% | 99.4% | 99.6% | 207th of 345 | |
Detached houses | 98.3% | 87.0% | 78.7% | 169th of 345 | |
Apartments | 0.9% | 12.0% | 19.9% | 133rd of 345 | |
Precarious wall materials | 0.90% | 0.57% | 0.23% | 16th of 345 | |
Unoccupied private dwellings | 59.3% | 21.0% | 11.9% | 15th of 345 | |
Quantitative housing deficit | 478 | 5,659 | 491,904 | 144th of 345 | |
Housing deficit as share of households | 6.9% | 8.4% | 7.5% | 86th of 345 | |
Renting households | 18.1% | 21.8% | 26.2% | 125th of 345 | |
Owner-occupiers | 69.4% | 64.8% | 61.1% | 161st of 345 | |
Households heating with wood · Firewood is the main source of urban air pollution in the south. | 1.4% | 1.2% | 24.4% | 297th of 345 | |
Commute by public transport | 30.3% | 32.3% | 42.1% | 115th of 345 | |
Walks to work | 18.9% | 11.1% | 10.2% | 127th of 345 | |
Households with a computer | 45.0% | 52.0% | 54.9% | 140th of 345 | |
Average distance to any health facility · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 136th of 345 | |
People within 5 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 95.4% | 96.2% | 97.0% | 158th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 97.4% | 97.5% | 99.9% | 310th of 345 | |
People within 30 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 98.1% | 99.5% | 100.0% | 327th of 345 | |
People within 5 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 93.5% | 95.3% | 89.4% | 86th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 97.4% | 96.6% | 98.1% | 179th of 345 | |
People within 30 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 98.0% | 98.5% | 99.7% | 294th of 345 | |
Average distance to a second- or third-level facility · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 3.0 | 2.6 | 5.9 | 260th of 345 | |
People within 5 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 93.9% | 90.6% | 80.3% | 68th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 97.4% | 96.5% | 90.0% | 110th of 345 | |
People within 30 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 97.4% | 98.5% | 96.2% | 212th of 345 | |
Average distance to a school in operation · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in 2025. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 124th of 345 | |
People within 5 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 95.8% | 96.8% | 99.0% | 246th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 98.1% | 99.7% | 99.9% | 312th of 345 | |
People within 30 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 99.4% | 99.9% | 100.0% | 324th of 345 | |
People within 5 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 95.7% | 95.5% | 91.6% | 85th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 97.4% | 96.8% | 98.5% | 196th of 345 | |
People within 30 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 98.1% | 98.7% | 99.8% | 296th of 345 |
How people commute
Public transporthover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour modes, grouped by PuroChile.
Housing tenure
Otherhover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour tenure types, grouped by PuroChile.
Home heating fuel
No heatingElectricityOther sourcehover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour fuel types, grouped by PuroChile.
How it voted in 2025
TRICEL · qualified result85.7%
of the registered voted in the first round
85.4%
voted in the runoff
16,526
registered voters on the roll
8.6%
of runoff ballots were null or blank
Presidential runoff · 14 December
Jeannette Jara Roman50.4%41.7%
Jose Antonio Kast Rist49.6%58.3%
Presidential, first round · 16 November
Franco Parisi Fernandez29.3%19.8%
Jeannette Jara Roman30.5%26.7%
Marco Antonio Enriquez-Ominami Gumucio1.2%1.2%
Johannes Kaiser Barents-Von Hohenhagen14.4%13.9%
Jose Antonio Kast Rist16.1%24.0%
Eduardo Antonio Artes Brichetti0.5%0.7%
Evelyn Matthei Fornet7.2%12.4%
Harold Mayne-Nicholls Secul0.9%1.3%
Chamber of Deputies · 16 November
CUnidad por Chile25.1%30.6%
KCambio por Chile17.7%23.0%
JChile Grande y Unido10.9%21.1%
IPartido de la Gente14.1%12.0%
BVerdes, Regionalistas y Humanistas26.3%6.9%
DIzquierda Ecologista Popular Animalista y Humanista—2.6%
APartido Ecologista Verde—0.8%
EMovimiento Amarillos por Chile—0.8%
GPartido Alianza Verde Popular—0.6%
FPartido de Trabajadores Revolucionarios—0.6%
HPopular5.9%0.2%
Independents outside a pact—0.7%
Senate · 16 November
CUnidad por Chile51.7%
KCambio por Chile16.0%
JChile Grande y Unido18.7%
IPartido de la Gente10.8%
DIzquierda Ecologista Popular Animalista y Humanista2.9%
Sister communes
How this is computedThe four communes that most resemble Caldera across the 28 figures PuroChile publishes for the 345 communes with complete data, grouped into seven dimensions of equal weight. This is not proximity: nothing in the computation knows where any commune is.
Huasco0.76Atacama · 9,369 peopleAlike in Scale; apart in Health.Los Vilos0.81Coquimbo · 22,879 peopleAlike in Scale; apart in Health.San José de Maipo0.83Metropolitana · 17,441 peopleAlike in Scale; apart in Health.Taltal0.84Antofagasta · 12,097 peopleAlike in Migration; apart in Economy.
ScalePopulation structureMigrationEducationHealthEconomyHousing and services
The figure beside each name is the distance between the two communes: 0 would be identical, and 1.48 is what separates any two communes in the country. Each bar is one of the seven dimensions, and reaches the end when the two differ on it by twice what two communes picked at random do. Location is not part of the computation: 52% of these pairings cross into another region.
Inside the commune
Census districtsLoading