Commune · 08107
Penco
Compare Penco with another placeCensus population
48,971
93rd of 346
Population density
455.8/km²
51st of 346
Average years of schooling
10.1 yrs
72nd of 346
Foreign-born share
2.1%
206th of 346
Where it stands out
Indicators with the most extreme rank among territories at its level.School attendance, ages 6-171st of 333 · Chile 98.6%100.0%
People within 15 km of any health facility1st of 345 · Chile 99.9%100.0%
People within 30 km of any health facility1st of 345 · Chile 100.0%100.0%
People within 15 km of a facility with an emergency service1st of 345 · Chile 98.1%100.0%
People within 30 km of a facility with an emergency service1st of 345 · Chile 99.7%100.0%
People within 15 km of a second- or third-level facility1st of 345 · Chile 90.0%100.0%
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Population density by commune
Trend 2005–2024
Average monthly pay
In UF, Chile's inflation-indexed unit, so the twenty years are comparable without deflating. Grey is the country.
Where the people here are from
Casen 2024 · 657 surveyedLives in the commune where they were born
61.9%
155th of 335
Came from another commune of the same region
22.8%
119th of 335
Came from another region
14.4%
194th of 335
Net internal migration
+1,362
+2.7 per 100 residents
Formal employment, 2005–2024
2005–2024 · Source SIIThe ten branches that employ most of Penco
Ranked by headcount in the latest year; the line is each branch's own twenty-year shape, on its own scale.
BranchWorkersShare of total2005–2024Change
01TransportTrade and logistics1,847+516%02Other servicesOther services1,437+118%03ManufacturingIndustry and construction1,260+178%04Retail and wholesaleTrade and logistics1,081+137%05ConstructionIndustry and construction1,067+201%06EducationState and social services568+398%07Administrative servicesAdvanced services559+58%08Public administrationState and social services494+431%09Agriculture and fishingNatural resources333−51%10Accommodation and foodTrade and logistics302−19%Dependent workers, projected
Prophet, fitted on the twenty observed years. A projection is not a figure of PuroChile.
Annual sales in UF, projected
UF is indexed to inflation, so this is a projection in real terms.
What Penco is specialised in
2024 · SIIOf the 672 activities the tax register files firms under, Penco employs more people in 66 of them than Chile does, proportionally. That comparison is Balassa's revealed comparative advantage: this place's share of an activity, over the country's share of it. Above one, the activity is over-represented here.
66
activities it is specialised in
9,156
formal workers
57/296
by the complexity of what it is specialised in
Most over-represented in Penco
Ranked by how many times the national share this place reaches. The division each activity belongs to is a page of its own.
| Activity | Division | Workers here | Times the national share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fabricación de vidrio plano | Fabricación de vidrio y productos de vidrio | 211 | 189.4× |
| Servicios de corta de madera a cambio de una retribución o por contrata | Servicios de apoyo a la silvicultura | 305 | 73.8× |
| Manipulación de la carga | Actividades de apoyo al transporte | 1,054 | 73.5× |
| Reparación de otros equipos electrónicos y ópticos n.c.p. | Reparación de productos elaborados de metal, maquinaria y equipo | 94 | 62.4× |
| Explotación de terminales terrestres de pasajeros | Actividades de apoyo al transporte | 44 | 30.9× |
| Reparación de maquinaria agropecuaria y forestal | Reparación de productos elaborados de metal, maquinaria y equipo | 35 | 30.4× |
| Venta al por mayor de otros enseres domésticos n.c.p. | Venta al por mayor de enseres domésticos | 195 | 26.1× |
| Otras actividades de servicios personales n.c.p. | Otras actividades de servicios personales | 1,391 | 24.4× |
| Tratamiento y eliminación de desechos no peligrosos | Tratamiento y eliminación de desechos | 51 | 21.3× |
| Alquiler de otros efectos personales y enseres domésticos (incluye mobiliario para eventos) | Alquiler y arrendamiento de efectos personales y enseres domésticos | 27 | 15.7× |
| Otras actividades de transporte urbano y suburbano de pasajeros por vía terrestre n.c.p. | Otras actividades de transporte por vía terrestre | 23 | 13.7× |
| Actividades de moteles | Actividades de alojamiento para estancias cortas | 18 | 13.6× |
The register files a firm at its tax address, so an activity can be over-represented here because the work happens here or because the head office does. Both are real facts about a place and they are not the same fact, and nothing in the register tells them apart: the communes where large firms keep their registered office carry activities that are physically elsewhere in Chile.
Revealed comparative advantage (Balassa, 1965) and the space of activities (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabási and Hausmann, 2007), computed on formal employment because that is what a Chilean commune has. Built from the 500-worker activities and the communes above 1,000 formal workers; the floors are on /datos with everything else.
The land and who works it
Agricultural census · INE · 2020/20214,024
hectares in holdings
85.1%
of them under a named use
64.6%
of the crop land is irrigated
67
holdings with land here
PastureOrchards and vineyardshover a tile for its count; click a group to open itFive families of land use, grouped by PuroChile from the fourteen categories the census publishes. The fifteenth tile is not a category: it is the censused surface less the fourteen.
Population and territory
See all →Population pyramid
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Census population | 48,971 | 1,025,448 | 18,480,432 | 93rd of 346 | |
Average age | 39.1 yrs | 38.6 yrs | 38.1 yrs | 179th of 346 | |
Ageing index · People aged 65 or over per 100 under 15. | 88.6 | 86.7 | 79.0 | 177th of 345 | |
Population density · Inhabitants per square kilometre, over the area of the census cartography. | 455.8/km² | 299.8/km² | 24.7/km² | 51st of 346 |
See the other 13 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Households | 16,829 | 367,488 | 6,596,527 | 98th of 346 | |
Dwellings | 17,566 | 404,379 | 7,642,716 | 112th of 346 | |
People per household | 2.91 | 2.79 | 2.80 | 69th of 345 | |
Women | 52.3% | 52.1% | 51.5% | 26th of 346 | |
Men per 100 women | 91.3 | 91.8 | 94.3 | 321st of 346 | |
Under 15 | 17.4% | 16.9% | 17.7% | 207th of 346 | |
65 and over | 15.4% | 14.7% | 14.0% | 195th of 346 | |
Dependency ratio · Population outside working age per 100 of working age. | 48.9 | 46.1 | 46.5 | 226th of 346 | |
One-person households | 18.1% | 21.0% | 21.8% | 301st of 345 | |
Households with children | 34.1% | 31.9% | 33.2% | 132nd of 345 | |
Indigenous peoples | 7.2% | 7.3% | 11.4% | 194th of 346 | |
Female-headed households | 51.3% | 50.7% | 49.9% | 63rd of 345 | |
Land area | 107 km² | 3,420 km² | 748,041 km² | 294th of 346 |
Migration
See all →When the migrant population arrived
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foreign-born share | 2.1% | 3.6% | 8.7% | 206th of 346 | |
Lives in the commune where they were born · Casen 2024 asks in which comuna each person's mother lived when they were born. It is lifetime migration, not last year's, and it measures origin, not moves: someone born here who left and came back counts as living where they were born. | 61.9% | 54.3% | 50.5% | 155th of 335 | |
Came from another commune of the same region · Of those who live here, the ones born in another comuna of this same region. It is the short move: within the metropolitan area, the valley or the neighbouring province. | 22.8% | 27.5% | 23.9% | 119th of 335 | |
Came from another region · Of those who live here, the ones born in a comuna of another region. | 14.4% | 15.2% | 17.2% | 194th of 335 |
See the other 9 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foreign-born population | 1,039 | 36,965 | 1,608,650 | 119th of 346 | |
Average age, foreign-born | 30.7 yrs | 31.9 yrs | 33.5 yrs | 301st of 345 | |
Women among foreign-born | 52.3% | 50.7% | 51.7% | 124th of 345 | |
Foreign-born of working age | 81.0% | 80.5% | 83.1% | 177th of 345 | |
Arrived since 2020 · Share of the migrant population that arrived in the country in 2020 or later. | 44.2% | 42.5% | 34.4% | 93rd of 345 | |
Foreign-born share of working-age population · Foreign-born people aged 15 to 64, over everyone aged 15 to 64 in the comuna. | 2.6% | 4.2% | 10.6% | 207th of 346 | |
Average schooling, foreign-born | 13.2 yrs | 13.7 yrs | 12.9 yrs | 59th of 345 | |
Net internal migration · People who arrived from another comuna minus people born here who live in another comuna. It is a lifetime balance, not a year's. Chile adds to zero by construction: nobody leaves the country in this count. | 1,362 | -55,053 | 0 | 112th of 335 | |
Net internal migration per 100 residents · The balance above, over the population living in the territory. | 2.7 | -5.1 | 0.0 | 142nd of 335 |
Education
See all →How far schooling went
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average years of schooling | 10.1 yrs | 10.8 yrs | 10.4 yrs | 72nd of 346 | |
Reached higher education | 28.0% | 35.8% | 31.1% | 75th of 346 | |
School attendance, ages 6-17 | 100.0% | 99.4% | 98.6% | 1st of 333 | |
Continues to higher education · Of young secondary-school graduates, those enrolled in first-year undergraduate studies the following March. By the comuna of the school where they finished secondary school, which is the approximation to origin that Mineduc publishes. | 53.5% | 57.4% | 55.6% | 180th of 331 |
See the other 17 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women's schooling as share of men's · 100 means parity; below 100, women in the territory completed fewer years than men. The census does not publish educational attainment split by sex at comuna level, so the higher-education gap is not in PuroChile: only the gap in years of schooling. | 99.2% | 98.6% | 99.8% | 281st of 346 | |
Literacy rate | 97.5% | 97.9% | 97.8% | 112th of 346 | |
Reached secondary education | 38.7% | 34.5% | 36.7% | 117th of 346 | |
Primary education only | 25.4% | 22.1% | 24.1% | 265th of 346 | |
Never attended school | 2.81% | 2.66% | 3.01% | 279th of 346 | |
Average years of schooling, men · The census publishes this average over the population aged 18 or over and crosses age with sex only in five-year bands, so it is weighted by the population aged 15 or over of each sex. Rebuilt from the 346 comunas it gives 12.1 years, the same figure INE published for the country. | 11.8 yrs | 12.6 yrs | 12.1 yrs | 78th of 346 | |
Average years of schooling, women · Same weight and same caveat as the figure for men. | 11.7 yrs | 12.4 yrs | 12.1 yrs | 95th of 346 | |
Illiteracy · People aged 15 or over who say they cannot read or write. | 2.51% | 2.10% | 2.18% | 229th of 345 | |
Households lacking schooling | 19.7% | 14.6% | 15.1% | 207th of 335 | |
Secondary school leavers · Secondary education for children and young people, by the comuna of the school where they took it. Adults are counted apart. | 288 | 11,947 | 217,565 | 147th of 331 | |
Leaves from technical-vocational school · Commercial, industrial, technical, agricultural and maritime tracks. | 43.1% | 26.4% | 33.9% | 129th of 331 | |
Leaves from a rural school · By the school's own rural classification. A zero here is a measured zero —the comuna had a graduating class and none of its graduates came from a rural school—, not a cell without data: two in three comunas are in that situation. There is no continuation rate split by rural and urban because the median comuna's rural divisor does not reach thirty graduates. | 0.0% | 0.3% | 3.1% | 114th of 331 | |
Of those continuing, enters a university · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100. | 58.4% | 74.3% | 67.2% | 206th of 331 | |
Of those continuing, enters a professional institute · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100. | 33.1% | 17.1% | 19.7% | 30th of 331 | |
Of those continuing, enters a technical training centre · The three destinations split the same total and add up to 100. | 8.4% | 8.6% | 13.1% | 263rd of 331 | |
Of those continuing, studies outside their region · Compares the region of the school they graduated from with the region of the campus where they enrol. A campus is not necessarily where the student lives. | 2.6% | 2.5% | 13.0% | 257th of 331 | |
Of those continuing, women · The graduates module does not publish sex, so there is no continuation rate by sex: only the make-up of those who do continue. | 46.8% | 48.7% | 49.7% | 269th of 331 |
The class of 2024
Mineduc (SIES), by the comuna they went to school inApproximation: the comuna is the one this cohort was enrolled in for secondary school, which is what Mineduc publishes — not a home address, which it does not.
288left secondary school in 2024
154enrolled in a first-year programme in 2025
53.5%continued immediately
58%of those, to a university
3%of those, outside their region
The ten programmes they enrolled in most
Each bar is that programme's share of everyone who continued, here and in the country — not a headcount, so a commune of a few hundred can be read beside a country of 121,050. Programme names as the register writes them: in capitals and without accents, and unmerged, since SIES publishes 1,481 distinct names in a single year and two spellings of one degree stay two rows. Only the capitals are undone here.
By field of study
The ten broad fields of ISCED-F 2013, as SIES classifies each programme, as a share of everyone who continued, here and in the country.
Nineteen cohorts, 2006–2024
left secondary schoolenrolled the following year
Only enrolment the following March counts — someone who works for a year and starts after that is not here, so the rate is a floor under how many ever study, not an estimate of it. Adult secondary education is counted separately and is not in these figures. What the approximation above does not settle is catchment: this is the cohort Penco's schools taught, and where schools draw pupils from next door that is not the same set of children as the ones the territory raised.
Health
See all →The hospital figures come from DEIS's discharge register: one row per completed stay, in any establishment in the country, counted in the commune where the patient lives rather than where the hospital is. It counts stays, not people — someone admitted three times is three of them.
The deaths it records are the ones that happened during a stay. Deaths at home or in the street are in the vital statistics register, which is a different DEIS release and is not in PuroChile — so nothing here is this place's mortality, and every label says «hospitalaria» for that reason.
The two standardised ratios are the ones meant for comparing places: they hold Penco against what its own age and sex structure would produce at the country's rates, with Chile fixed at 100. A commune of older people buries more people than a commune of young families, and that is demography, not health.
In 2024, 7.5% of the country's discharges arrive with every identifying field replaced by an asterisk and cannot be attached to any commune; what is counted here is the 91.4% that carries one.
Which health system
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disability prevalence | 13.8% | 11.9% | 10.6% | 92nd of 346 | |
Public health insurance | 89.7% | 85.2% | 82.6% | 219th of 335 | |
Hospital discharges per 1,000 residents · Not age-adjusted. It mixes how much illness there is with how much hospital there is nearby. | 103.0 | 100.8 | 82.5 | 28th of 331 | |
In-hospital mortality, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex. | 120 | 114 | 100 | 62nd of 331 |
See the other 21 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
People with a disability | 6,745 | 122,012 | 1,950,388 | 80th of 346 | |
Average age, people with a disability | 56.9 yrs | 56.2 yrs | 56.4 yrs | 223rd of 346 | |
Disability among 65+ | 43.8% | 42.9% | 43.0% | 233rd of 346 | |
Difficulty walking | 6.92% | 5.60% | 4.92% | 86th of 346 | |
Difficulty seeing | 5.66% | 5.04% | 4.58% | 148th of 346 | |
Difficulty hearing | 2.79% | 2.46% | 2.16% | 126th of 346 | |
Difficulty concentrating | 3.61% | 3.19% | 2.70% | 36th of 346 | |
Private health insurance | 4.6% | 10.7% | 13.2% | 128th of 335 | |
No health coverage | 3.78% | 0.99% | 1.98% | 51st of 335 | |
Sought care when ill · Of those who had an illness or accident in the last three months. | 90.8% | 93.5% | 92.1% | 225th of 332 | |
Households lacking health access | 6.9% | 6.5% | 6.0% | 104th of 335 | |
Hospital discharges · Episodes, not people: someone hospitalised three times counts three times. | 5,045 | 103,346 | 1,523,716 | 84th of 331 | |
Deaths during a hospital stay · Only those that happen in hospital; the rest do not go through this register. | 125 | 2,395 | 36,698 | 87th of 331 | |
In-hospital case fatality · Of every 100 hospital stays, how many end in death. | 2.48% | 2.32% | 2.41% | 216th of 331 | |
Average length of stay · Bed-days over discharges, averaged after adding up. | 7.0 days | 5.5 days | 6.1 days | 118th of 331 | |
In-hospital deaths per 10,000 residents · Not age-adjusted, and therefore high where the population is older. | 25.5 | 23.4 | 19.9 | 76th of 331 | |
Hospitalisation, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex. | 123 | 121 | 100 | 28th of 331 | |
Cancer hospitalisations · Discharges with a malignant tumour (C00-C97) as the main diagnosis. Episodes, not people. | 241 | 6,320 | 89,723 | 89th of 330 | |
Share of hospitalisations that are for cancer · Of every 100 discharges in the comuna, how many are for a malignant tumour. | 4.8% | 6.1% | 5.9% | 247th of 330 | |
Cancer hospitalisations per 10,000 residents · Not age-adjusted: above all it compares how old the comuna is. | 49.2 | 61.6 | 48.6 | 84th of 330 | |
Cancer hospitalisation, standardised ratio · Chile = 100, adjusting for this comuna's age and sex. It is the only one of the four made for comparing places. | 96 | 124 | 100 | 84th of 330 |
What people are hospitalised for
hover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itSeven families of cause, grouped by PuroChile from the 22 ICD-10 chapters. The chapter is still the tile; the family is nothing but the sum of its chapters.
By tumour site
Órganos digestivosVías urinariasSangre y sistema linfáticoGenitales femeninosGenitales masculinosMamahover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile
Economy and poverty
See all →| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Income poverty · People in households whose income does not cover the poverty line. | 15.9% | 18.3% | 17.3% | 257th of 335 | |
Average monthly pay · Reported net pay in UF divided by workers weighted by months worked. | 26.7 UF | 26.4 UF | 32.0 UF | 75th of 342 | |
Women's pay as share of men's · 100 means parity; below 100, women earn less per full-time-equivalent job. | 88.7% | 90.2% | 78.9% | 261st of 342 | |
Firms per 1,000 residents · Firms with their registered address or head office in the territory; in comunas where large firms are registered the figure reflects the head office, not the activity. | 44.4 | 71.5 | 85.6 | 335th of 346 |
See the other 16 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Employment rate · Employed people over the population aged 15 or over. | 49.5% | 50.9% | 54.4% | 198th of 345 | |
Census unemployment · Measured by the Census, not by Casen: the two ask differently. | 9.5% | 9.8% | 8.6% | 121st of 345 | |
Self-employed | 26.6% | 28.9% | 33.8% | 319th of 345 | |
Extreme poverty | 4.1% | 6.9% | 6.9% | 286th of 335 | |
Multidimensional poverty · Households with deprivations in education, health, work, housing or networks. | 16.4% | 14.4% | 17.7% | 191st of 335 | |
Unemployment rate | 8.8% | 10.5% | 8.8% | 180th of 335 | |
Household income per capita · Chilean pesos per month, corrected total income. | CLP 529,488 | CLP 673,260 | CLP 783,124 | 173rd of 335 | |
Gini coefficient · 0 is a perfectly equal split and 1 a perfectly unequal one. On household per-capita income (ypchtotcor). A survey estimate: in comunas with a small sample the interval is wide. | 0.398 | 0.486 | 0.488 | 256th of 321 | |
Registered firms | 2,173 | 73,295 | 1,582,390 | 135th of 346 | |
Annual sales | 14,353,995 UF | 576,191,532 UF | 34,347,683,688 UF | 111th of 342 | |
Employees reported · People reported at some point in the tax year, not average employment: the national total exceeds the employed because someone who worked two months counts the same as someone who worked twelve. | 9,164 | 381,143 | 9,699,164 | 124th of 346 | |
Sales per firm | 6,606 UF | 7,861 UF | 21,706 UF | 94th of 342 | |
Employees per firm · Workers weighted by months worked, so two half-year jobs are not counted as two positions. | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 78th of 346 | |
Women among employees | 33.3% | 38.6% | 40.6% | 293rd of 345 | |
Independent contractors | 3,336 | 171,897 | 3,958,269 | 111th of 346 | |
Contractors as share of workers | 26.7% | 31.1% | 29.0% | 184th of 346 |
Employment by industry
hover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itSix activity families, grouped by PuroChile from CAENES.
Employment by occupation
Elementary occupationsArmed forceshover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itCIUO-08 (ISCO) skill levels.
Housing and services
See all →House or flat
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overcrowded dwellings | 5.2% | 4.5% | 5.7% | 175th of 345 | |
Internet access | 93.4% | 94.3% | 93.2% | 83rd of 345 | |
Average distance to a facility with an emergency service · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 1.3 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 297th of 345 | |
Average distance to a school teaching upper secondary · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in 2025. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 280th of 345 |
See the other 35 indicators
| Indicator | Value | Against its peers | Province | Chile | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Occupied dwellings with residents | 16,513 | 358,584 | 6,408,172 | 98th of 346 | |
Critically overcrowded | 0.31% | 0.33% | 0.57% | 199th of 345 | |
Irrecoverable dwellings | 1.84% | 0.88% | 1.13% | 82nd of 345 | |
Public water network | 97.3% | 96.2% | 92.3% | 50th of 345 | |
Electricity access | 99.9% | 99.8% | 99.6% | 24th of 345 | |
Detached houses | 83.3% | 79.3% | 78.7% | 298th of 345 | |
Apartments | 15.1% | 19.9% | 19.9% | 48th of 345 | |
Precarious wall materials | 0.30% | 0.20% | 0.23% | 86th of 345 | |
Unoccupied private dwellings | 3.6% | 8.4% | 11.9% | 326th of 345 | |
Quantitative housing deficit | 1,104 | 21,256 | 491,904 | 84th of 345 | |
Housing deficit as share of households | 6.6% | 5.8% | 7.5% | 101st of 345 | |
Renting households | 15.3% | 22.3% | 26.2% | 169th of 345 | |
Owner-occupiers | 67.0% | 65.4% | 61.1% | 208th of 345 | |
Households heating with wood · Firewood is the main source of urban air pollution in the south. | 45.4% | 42.3% | 24.4% | 185th of 345 | |
Commute by public transport | 52.9% | 44.8% | 42.1% | 29th of 345 | |
Walks to work | 10.6% | 10.4% | 10.2% | 236th of 345 | |
Households with a computer | 55.9% | 61.2% | 54.9% | 53rd of 345 | |
Average distance to any health facility · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 300th of 345 | |
People within 5 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 98.8% | 99.0% | 97.0% | 88th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 100.0% | 100.0% | 99.9% | 1st of 345 | |
People within 30 km of any health facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 1st of 345 | |
People within 5 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 98.8% | 96.8% | 89.4% | 43rd of 345 | |
People within 15 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 100.0% | 99.5% | 98.1% | 1st of 345 | |
People within 30 km of a facility with an emergency service · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 100.0% | 100.0% | 99.7% | 1st of 345 | |
Average distance to a second- or third-level facility · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in September 2026. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 2.6 | 3.0 | 5.9 | 268th of 345 | |
People within 5 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 98.8% | 85.0% | 80.3% | 37th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 100.0% | 96.9% | 90.0% | 1st of 345 | |
People within 30 km of a second- or third-level facility · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in September 2026. | 100.0% | 99.5% | 96.2% | 1st of 345 | |
Average distance to a school in operation · Population-weighted average of the straight-line distance from each of the 244,754 blocks and rural entities of the 2024 census to the nearest facility standing in 2025. It is a floor: nobody travels in a straight line. | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 297th of 345 | |
People within 5 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 99.9% | 99.8% | 99.0% | 87th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 100.0% | 100.0% | 99.9% | 1st of 345 | |
People within 30 km of a school in operation · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 1st of 345 | |
People within 5 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 5 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 98.7% | 96.6% | 91.6% | 56th of 345 | |
People within 15 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 15 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 100.0% | 99.9% | 98.5% | 1st of 345 | |
People within 30 km of a school teaching upper secondary · Lives in a census block or rural entity within 30 km of the nearest facility, as the crow flies. Population from the 2024 census; facilities as they stood in 2025. | 100.0% | 100.0% | 99.8% | 1st of 345 |
How people commute
Public transporthover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour modes, grouped by PuroChile.
Housing tenure
Otherhover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour tenure types, grouped by PuroChile.
Home heating fuel
ElectricityNo heatingOther sourcehover a tile for its count and its distance from Chile; click a group to open itFour fuel types, grouped by PuroChile.
How it voted in 2025
TRICEL · qualified result90.7%
of the registered voted in the first round
90.3%
voted in the runoff
43,070
registered voters on the roll
8.6%
of runoff ballots were null or blank
Presidential runoff · 14 December
Jeannette Jara Roman45.5%41.7%
Jose Antonio Kast Rist54.5%58.3%
Presidential, first round · 16 November
Franco Parisi Fernandez26.7%19.8%
Jeannette Jara Roman27.2%26.7%
Marco Antonio Enriquez-Ominami Gumucio1.2%1.2%
Johannes Kaiser Barents-Von Hohenhagen11.5%13.9%
Jose Antonio Kast Rist22.1%24.0%
Eduardo Antonio Artes Brichetti0.8%0.7%
Evelyn Matthei Fornet9.4%12.4%
Harold Mayne-Nicholls Secul1.1%1.3%
Chamber of Deputies · 16 November
CUnidad por Chile12.2%30.6%
KCambio por Chile18.6%23.0%
JChile Grande y Unido37.9%21.1%
IPartido de la Gente10.4%12.0%
BVerdes, Regionalistas y Humanistas7.8%6.9%
DIzquierda Ecologista Popular Animalista y Humanista6.2%2.6%
APartido Ecologista Verde4.8%0.8%
EMovimiento Amarillos por Chile—0.8%
GPartido Alianza Verde Popular—0.6%
FPartido de Trabajadores Revolucionarios—0.6%
HPopular—0.2%
Independents outside a pact2.0%0.7%
Sister communes
How this is computedThe four communes that most resemble Penco across the 28 figures PuroChile publishes for the 345 communes with complete data, grouped into seven dimensions of equal weight. This is not proximity: nothing in the computation knows where any commune is.
Tomé0.49Biobío · 56,907 peopleAlike in Education; apart in Population structure.Hualpén0.55Biobío · 87,731 peopleAlike in Migration; apart in Education.Coronel0.55Biobío · 123,648 peopleAlike in Education; apart in Health.Talcahuano0.59Biobío · 147,322 peopleAlike in Population structure; apart in Education.
ScalePopulation structureMigrationEducationHealthEconomyHousing and services
The figure beside each name is the distance between the two communes: 0 would be identical, and 1.48 is what separates any two communes in the country. Each bar is one of the seven dimensions, and reaches the end when the two differ on it by twice what two communes picked at random do. Location is not part of the computation: 52% of these pairings cross into another region.
Inside the commune
Census districtsLoading